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The Generation of Neural Connections
David Feldheim, Dept. of MCD Biology
Higher cognitive functions in mammals are dependent upon complex neural connections in the brain. The Feldheim laboratory examines the development of the primary visual system in the mouse brain to understand how such connections are generated. (keywords: neurobiology, molecular genetics, developmental biology)
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Ephrins are required for proper layer formation in the dLGN |
The mammalian brain contains billions of neurons that make even more billions of synaptic connections. These connections allow us to perceive the outside world, and are the framework for higher cognitive functions, such as learning, memory, thought and emotion.
The Feldheim lab is interested in understanding how neural connections are generated during development. It is thought that there is a combination of molecular cues and neural-activity dependant cues that help guide axons to their proper location and strengthen appropriate synapses.
One family of molecular cues that are important for the development of CNS connections is the Eph family of receptor tyrosine kinases and their ligands, the ephrins. The Feldheim lab studies the role of these genes in the development of the visual system in the mouse. They use a combination of expression analysis, in vitro assays, and electrophysiological and gene-knock out experiments to elucidate molecular mechanisms of CNS connectivity. For example, they have found that a class of axon guidance molecules called ephrins, combined with neural activity dependant processes are all that is required to make a topographic map. Feldheim's group is currently trying to understand both the mechanisms by which ephrins and neural activity act together to direct axon guidance in the visual system.
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